It is a procedure where a small scope is inserted into the ureter, This allows the urologist to actually look into the ureter, find the stone and remove it. This is an outpatient procedure 

PCNL is used to remove certain stones in the kidney that are large. A tiny cut on the skin allows a telescope to be placed  through in order to visualize the stone, break it up and remove it.

A technique where an endoscope is used to get into the urethra via the bladder, following which it reaches the kidney. Here it identifies the stones and removes them by breaking them down via a laser.

A procedure where kidney stones are broken down by sending  shock waves directly to the stone under X-ray guidance. The shock waves break a large stone into smaller stones that will pass out later.